Religion. – Equality of rights is allowed for all members of religions recognized by the state: that is, for Catholics, Evangelicals (whether followers of the Augusta Confession, or Lutherans, or the Swiss Confession), Unitarians, Greek Orthodox, Armenians Gregorians, Baptists (since 1906), Jews, Muslims (since 1906).
According to the 1930 census there are: Catholics (64,906) 5,634,103; Greek Catholics (2.3%) 201,093; Swiss evangelicals (20.9%) 1,813,162; Lutheran evangelicals (6.1%) 534,065; Greek Orthodox 39,839; Unitarians 6,266; Jews (5.1%) 444,567; others, 15,224.
The current Catholic hierarchy is greatly affected by the political conditions created by the Trianon treaty, which has resulted in the dismemberment of many dioceses between different states. It includes the nullius abbey of S. Martino in Monte Pannoniae(Pannonhalma); the archbishopric of Agria (Eger; 10th century; metropolitan, 1804) whose suffragans, Košice, Rožnava, Spiš, belong to Czechoslovakia; the ecclesiastical provinces: of Kalocsa (1000; metropolitan 1135) with suffragan Csanád (1035 and 19 June 1931; residence in Szeged), from which the apostolic administrations of Bačka and Serbian Banat were respectively detached; of Strigonia (Esztergom; 10th century), with suffragans Székesfehérvár (1777), Pécs (1009); also other dioceses in Czechoslovakia, from which the apostolic administrations of Debrecen (formerly belonging to the diocese of Gran Varadino dei Latini, Satu Mare and Oradea Mare, in Romania, united in 1930), of Merk (formerly belonging to the diocese of Satu) have been detached Mare), Miskolc (Ruthenian parishes in the Hungarian territory of the diocese of Mukačevo dei Ruteni).
The Reformed churches of the Swiss confession have bishops or superintendents in Budapest, Papa, Miskolc, Debrecen; the Lutherans in Budapest, Sámsonhaza, Győr, Nyiregyháza. There is also an Orthodox bishopric in Szentendre. For Hungary religion, please check thereligionfaqs.com.
Armed forces
Army. – The organization of the armed forces is imposed on Hungary by the Trianon Treaty of June 4, 1920, which, among other things, establishes: Compulsory military service for all citizens will be abolished. The Hungarian army will, in the future, be constituted and recruited exclusively through voluntary enlistments (art. 103). The total duration of the detention of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel will not be less than 12 consecutive years, of which at least 6 of military service (art. 110). The whole of the military forces of the Hungarian army must not exceed 35,000 men (art. 104).
The army is the only military force available to the state. Under the Trianon treaty, Hungary is prohibited from owning a military aviation. For the needs of internal security and public order, the gendarmerie (about 15,000 men) and the state police (about 17,000 men) are employed by the Ministry of the Interior.
The national defense budget amounts to pengő 87,470,000, equal to approximately 225 million Italian lire. The supreme authority of the army is the Ministry of National Defense, which includes “command in chief of the army” and “weapon inspectorates”. The army units are made up of 7 mixed brigades, each made up of 2 infantry regiments, a cyclist battalion, a cavalry squadron, an artillery group, a link company, a train core, an automotive core; 2 cavalry brigades, each of 2 regiments.
14 regiments and 7 cycling battalions belong to the infantry. Each regiment has 3 battalions of 4 companies, one of which is machine gunners; on the total of the regiment, there is also an autonomous machine gun company, a trench mortar company, a technical company, a connection company. There are also 4 cavalry regiments (in total 23 squadrons, of which 8 machine gunners), 7 mountain batteries, 7 field howitzers, 7 heavy field howitzers, 3 horse batteries, 2 anti-aircraft, 14 companies (7 from position, 7 triangulators), 3 sapper engineers battalions, 4 connection groups, cores of motorists, bridge workers, armored cars, etc.
Recruitment is voluntary; duration of the detention, 12 years. The military can be discharged after the 6th year and retained, with annual steals, after the 12th. Annually, it can not be sent on leave more than 1 / 20 of force to arms: the educated reserves are therefore not very relevant. The career officers, who make up the body of the Hungarian Royal Honvéd, are drawn from the Military Higher School, where they complete a 4-year course.
Navy. – Following the decisions of the Trianon treaty, Hungary cannot have a naval navy, but only a “river guard” dependent on the Ministry of the Interior. The forces of the river guard are fixed as follows: 2 patrol vessels not exceeding 128 tons. armed with 70 guns; 2 max 20-30 tons, armed with 1/47; 10 12-20 ton motorboats, armed with a machine gun. There are 96 officers and 1,524 non-commissioned officers and municipalities.
The most important units are currently (1936) the following: Sopron, launched in 1918 and modernized in 1928, of 140 tons. and 18 knots, armed with 2/70 and 2 machine gunners; Debrecen, Gy ő r and Baja, launched in the years 1916-18 and modernized in 1924, from 140 tons. and 15 knots, armed with 2/76 and 2 machine gunners; Szeged and Kecskemét, launched in 1916 and modernized in 1921-23, of 130 tons. and 15 knots, armed with 2/76 and 2 machine gunners; God ő ll ő, launched in 1915, of 60 tons. and 11 knots, armed with 1/76 and 2 machine gunners, and the 3 armored motorboats Honvéd, Huszár andTüzér, launched in 1916, from 17 tons. and 9 knots, armed with 1 machine gun.
